Hi Emily,
Thanks for the invite.
Your quest to learn more brings to mind another quote of the Prophet Muhammed ...
"Seek knowledge from the cradle to the grave".
That is something we all should strive for, I think.
Lets see ... The primary islamic text is essentially the Quran. It is the Law, the Guide.
This is followed by the traditions (or Hadith) of the prophet and his companions.
So to start your reading list ...
Traditions of the Prophet and companions
http://www.sahihalbukhari.com/sps/sbk/ Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari
(810-870)
http://www.fazaileamaal.com/ Zakariya
Kandhlawi. (February 3 1898 – May 24 1982)
Excellent source for books (movies and articles too) - deals with comparative religion, science, nature mostly.
http://www.harunyahya.com/
Good comparative, articles
http://www.beautifulislam.net/
That should be more than enough for your reading list.
Mystics in Islam are called Sufis.
One well known mystic in the western world is Jalaludin Rumi(30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273) -
His famous work the 'Mathnavi' can be found here
http://www.rumionfire.com/mathnavi/index.htm
Other saints include ... Imam al Ghazali - who has many works -
http://www.ghazali.org/
There are so many others - I'll just let you pick
http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/Default.htm
Those people who are loved are the prophets then the companions (Sahaba) and then the saints.
[note prophets (plural) as we believe in all prophets including Adam,Noah, Abraham,
Moses, Jesus (peace be upon them) etc.
Incidentally we muslims also believe in all revealed books as well. (Bible (Injeel) and
Torah, psalms) ]
This is by no means an exhaustive list and I have barely scratched the surface.
However I hope my humble effort is helpful to you.
Thank you! Much appreciated.