I do think that the US presidential campaign last fall showed that the general public's ideas of gender were more deeply entrenched, and more deeply problematic, than I had ever really imagined. Forty years of feminism, it seems, has somehow smoothed over the surface manifestations of bias without affecting the deep issues in any significant way.
Race issues have made at least some clear progress in terms of attitude. It seems that people in the US, for instance, are much more open to looking for roots, being proud of their cultures, looking for their Native heritage, and dating interracially than they were, say, 20 years ago. The election of a black president is a huge accomplishment, even if we don't bat an eye at the fact that someone who is half black and half white is clearly considered black (and various associated
hullabaloos). There are obviously still enormous issues to confront, e.g. the huge correlations of educational opportunities, economic stability, jail terms [to name a few] with race. But one feels a certain progress comparing the US for instance with France, which I feel is coming to these issues about 20-30 years later (remember the recent riots).
Still, I find it hard to imagine that America will elect a female president in the near future. And look at how Hillary's disappeared in her Secretary of State role -- they give her almost no press. We heard about Condoleeza every other day.
Margaret, you asked a much more general question and I don't mean to sidetrack it, but in case some particular thoughts are useful...