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Representative Democracy: A Passing Fancy?
The last three centuries or so have seen a steady progression toward representative democracy as the governing model in most of the world.  It is at its most developed in the United Kingdom (where one might argue it started, with the Glorious Revolution), the United States (obviously, the Constitution of 1789) and continental Europe (inexorably taking over the stage over the 125 years following the French Revolution), but it is much wider spread now.  My question is:  Looking out 100 years, or maybe even 50 years, will representative democracy still be seen as on the march, the inevitable end-point of political development, or will it be in retreat, considered an experiment in human history that did not pan out? 

To throw only a few of the thoughts that have led me to wonder about this question:

Most people want a productive job, adequate income, home life, some leisure time.  They don't care much who governs them, so long as those basic wants are met. 

Representative democracy is inefficient.  It requires a huge governmental establishment to give representation.

Representative democracy may lead inexorably to bankruptcy of a country (not that absolute monarchy always avoided this problem -- viz. France in the 18th Century).  This happens as representatives try to satisfy or "protect" constituencies of the present without much thought to future generations.

Representative democracy is no guarantee against governmental abuse, or indeed, against devolution into dictatorship.  Hitler never violated a law of Germany -- every move was approved by the people's representatives (at least that's what I recall from my readings).  The same is true in the Venezuela of Chavez today, and was true in the Argentina of Peron.  The people's representatives may have an inherent inclination to delegate all authority to a central power in times of crisis, real or perceived.  If so, what's the point of the whole structure?

I recognize that one might ask what would replace representative democracy, and I do not have a good response, being aware of the adage that it is the worst of all options except all the others.  Still, I have a sense -- just a sense -- that within a few generations political scientists may well be casting around for an alternative.  Or, maybe I'm just getting older and thinking the world is going to Hell in a hand basket.

I would love to hear others' thoughts.
Thanks for the question Phil. It's actually one I've been thinking about in one way or another for some time. Probably because of my growing cynicism towards American politics.

The problem as I see it is that representative democracy has a tendency to create larger and larger bureaucracy. Over time there are only new laws added and new rules and agencies that it becomes impossible to keep track of it all. In the Senate there are 16 standing committees and in the House 21. Each has something like 3-6 subcommittees. And it's suddenly a whole dizzying map. And where are the roads that lead to state congresses? Each of those of course with committees of their own. And then there are the roads from the state house to your city and from your city to your neighborhood to your house and to your family.

It makes a lot of sense. But it is also jumbled and jambled and complicated. And as it stands now it's easy as anything for a complete stall at the highest level due to party politicking. So for a number of reasons the people like us sitting at our computers or doing whatever else it is people do feel an entire disconnect from the people we've put in office. Right now as elections are going on in every neighborhood and signs are going up on lawns and bumper stickers on cars I don't have any sense of political efficacy. I'll vote for these people only to not see any of the change I wanted out of him or her. So why don't you run for office. Yeah, if I thought that would be any different. I'd just be another peg making concessions.

What I've been thinking about lately is my ethical standpoint on an authoritarian government. It makes sense. If one person is undeniably at the head of state he or she can shape the country in any way he choses. And if I agree with his or her vision then wouldn't that be ideal?

It would only be ideal if the whole country backed that leader. Otherwise there would be mounting dissatisfaction and the authoritarian in power would no doubt have to raise the army as his support. And so rather than effecting policy he must employ most of his energy into maintaining power. It would all crumble into constant political turmoil. Look at the history of South American politics where dictators rise and topple like nothing more than pawns on a chess board.

And now I'm just back where you ended your post, wondering where politics can go knowing that representative democracy has its many faults.

But in the end when it does work, it works better than any other system.

Maybe then we should ask not how we can replace representative democracy but how we can have it running at its most efficient?  
Great topic, close to my heart.
 
As I see it, the problem with representative democracy is that it becomes the abrogation of individual responsibility.  You assign your responsibility for and your authority over yourself, your life, your family, to others, to whom you say, take responsibility for all these things.  At the same time you also say 'if you screw up, I will blame you, not myself'.

This is where I believe the Libertarian movement has a point - the libertarian ultimately assumes responsibility for himself.  Where the tru-blew libertarian is 'off this planet' is when he asserts that he does not need a government.  Who and how, for example,  decides on which side of the road everyone should travel.  That needs national consensus, and the only way of achieving that is through some or other form of national government (aka a national law-making process).  So I would argue, that instead of the tru-blew vision of a government-less nation, we need a vision that allows for the appointment of a representative government, with severely restricted powers (only authority over matters of a collective nature, such as national defense and foreign affairs and national laws, where uniformity and singularity of behaviour and purpose is necessary) and all other matters are sorted out between empowered individuals.  For the latter to happen, we need a set of laws (A person may do anything he wishes so long as he does not infringe on the rights of others to do the same and so long as they do no harm or damage to the life, limb or property of another), and a fully empowered judicial system to which every person has equal access (to sort out claims one against another for infringing on the 'a person may' law).
 
Another necessity would be the scrapping of collective empowerment.  No collective of any form whatsoever should have greater power or rights than any other individual in the land.  Thus, a corporate body (trade union, trade association, national, regional or local government, boy scout or the mafia or other voluntary association) may not lobby for a law which places the corporate body (trade union&etc) in a preferred position over that of any individual in the land (for example the laws of eminent domain) , or which protects them from legal action for restitution (eg settlements limiting rights to legal recourse) in terms of the 'a person may' law.
 
Think of the ramifications of such a structure upon the tobacco industry, for one, the finance industry, for another, the real estate (realty) profession, for yet another.  They may do no harm, or if they do, they are held accountable to every individual whom they harm.  No longer would they be protected by convoluted legislation designed to permit them to harm with impunity.  Just imagine it - a nation of honest bankers.  They would be all too shit scared to risk other peoples' capital in the ways of the past decade or so.
 
So my argument would be that representative democracy needs to evolve to where it no longer provides cover for collective irresponsibility, but serves to empower all the people of the land, equally and effectively.  In such a democracy, the laws would be few and simple, the bureaucracy would be minimal and cost effective, government would be reduced to the minimal consistent with an ordered society, taxes would be minimal and individuals would be responsible for their own lives, be they failures or successes, but the likelihood would favour successes because folk would be empowered to succeed. 
 
If that seems too simplistic, try this:  In a land where group rights are protected, by definition, they would take precedence over the rights of the individual, therefor protection of group rights harms individual rights (some would argue it is an acceptable compromise, to which I respond, tell that to the individuals whose rights are harmed).
 
Even more simplistic:  In a land where the rights of all individuals are recognized, respected and protected by law, (the 'any one may' law), the rights of all the groups of which they are a part are similarly protected.
 
'nuf said.
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