Hello Franis,
I'll take your last question : "Do you have strategies for learning? How might you have determined
those strategies? Can you just haul off and improvise? Do you learn
better in certain ways? Have there been certain ways, situations or people that were more effective for learning faster?"
When I was a young student, my main strategy was to imitate, repeating after my teachers like a monkey. I was very lucky that all my teachers since I was eleven years old were fantastic pianists. It was still the main way for me to learn even as I got older and was playing on a high level the hardest pieces. I remember when I was sixteen playing to my Russian teacher Rachmaninov 3rd concerto where the second movement starts for the piano with a rather complicated long phrase- tons of notes* that blurred my vision of the phrasing and musical direction, and she tried to explain to me that I'm cutting the phrase into small pieces.
It didn't work so she explained again a second time singing how it should sound- I still didn't get it. Loosing patience she pushed me from the piano and showed me how it should be played. That was the fastest way for me to learn this phrase and I did it immediately well after her. It didn't make her especially happy (she was not easy to please), complaining that she didn't want to show me on purpose, that showing was the easiest way to learn for kids and beginners but adults (me) should find new ways and strategies to learn.
I had two Russian teachers when I was an adolescent, an older man and a younger woman who was his assistant. It happened that I met by chance at a concert my old teacher a couple of years ago. He must have missed on the fact that many years have passed since I came to him a little girl of eleven, and he asked me with whom I was studying now. I told him that I'm not studying with anybody anymore and that I'm on the other side now, teaching in London's RCM. He put me back into my place saying with his Russian accent : "you never stop studying."
Now, the best way for me to learn and progress is through conversations with knowledgeable people, usually not pianists but professionals who are touching into the same questions but from different points of views and who will show me how close they get to solve a given question. But let's say I need to learn how to do something that's not in my specialty, like cooking, computer etc...I'm certainly back to my old, favorite learning method- imitation.
*it is said that there are more notes in this one concerto than in all of the 27 Mozart concerti put together